Summary:...
In all
planetary gear motor applications, gears and bearings generate friction. Therefore, the main function of any gear oil is to minimize the friction caused by the sliding or rolling action between the gear and the bearing. The right gear oil will form an elastohydrodynamic film that prevents the surfaces of these meshing elements from contacting.
In addition, the gear oil cools the operating elements. Gear reducers transfer torque from the prime mover, and this torque multiplication generates heat within the gearbox itself. The amount of heat generated is related to the efficiency of the cabinet, with more efficient cabinets operating at lower temperatures and less efficient cabinets producing more heat. Gear oils also help prevent corrosion between mating steel surfaces and carry away any particles that may have accumulated during normal operation. Depends on the type of gear, working environment, working speed and working temperature. When subjected to force, these conditions drive viscosity - resistance to flow. Less viscous gear oils flow more easily, while more viscous gear oils flow more slowly.
Using gear oil with the wrong viscosity can damage your gearbox. SAE values that are too low prevent proper formation of the elastohydrodynamic film and allow direct metal-to-metal contact between gears and bearings. Gear oils that are too viscous can form a thick film, causing internal (sump) temperatures to rise, which can lead to damage.
Do not use oil in the gear reducer! Motor oils are formulated with a variety of viscosities and additives that capture combustion byproducts. Oil can foam in the gear reducer, accelerating gear wear as the entrained air isolates and destroys the oil film, resulting in metal-to-metal contact that quickly causes the reducer to fail. Oil has a different viscosity value than gear oil. SAE 40 oil has the same viscosity as SAE 90 gear oil. These differences are caused by the additives contained in the engine oil.
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