What is the difference between a torque motor and a gear motor?

1. Structural differences
Torque motor:
Torque motor is a motor with a special design, and its structure is usually donut-shaped, including an outer rotor motor with a rotor in the outer ring and a stator in the inner ring, and an inner rotor motor with a stator in the outer ring and a rotor in the inner ring. Because the outer rotor can generate a larger torque under the same size, the outer rotor motor is more commonly used. The torque motor can be directly connected to the driven load, eliminating the reduction transmission gear and improving the operating accuracy of the system.
Gear motor:
The gear motor is an integration of a reducer and an electric motor (motor), also known as a gear motor or gear motor. It is usually integrated and assembled by a professional reducer manufacturer, including an electric motor, an internal combustion engine or other high-speed power source, and the input shaft pinion of the gear reducer (or reduction box) drives the large gear to achieve deceleration, and a multi-stage structure can be used to further reduce the speed and increase the output torque.

2. Principle differences
Torque motor:
The shaft output power of the torque motor is not constant power, but constant torque. This type of motor can continue to operate at low speed or even stall (i.e. the rotor cannot rotate), without causing damage to the motor, and can provide stable torque to the load. The torque motor can adjust the speed by changing the motor terminal voltage, but the speed adjustment rate is not good, so it is often equipped with a speed measuring device and a controller to automatically adjust the motor terminal voltage to achieve stable operation.
Gear reduction motor:
The core function of the gear reduction motor is "force increase and deceleration", that is, the use of various levels of gear transmission to achieve the purpose of speed reduction and increase the output torque at the same time. The torque output ratio is calculated by multiplying the motor output by the reduction ratio, but it should be noted that it cannot exceed the rated torque of the reducer. The deceleration also reduces the inertia of the load, and the reduction in inertia is the square of the reduction ratio.

3. Performance characteristics
Torque motor:
Low speed, high torque: suitable for occasions requiring low speed and high torque.
Strong overload capacity: can run stably under overload conditions.
Fast response and good characteristic linearity: can directly drive the load, eliminating the reduction transmission gear and improving the operation accuracy.
Small torque fluctuation: reduce torque fluctuation through optimized design and control.
Gear reduction motor:
Space saving: compact structure, reliable and durable.
High efficiency: the efficiency of the reducer is as high as 95% or more, and the energy consumption is low.
Low vibration and low noise: using high-quality materials and precision processing technology.
Strong adaptability: product serialization and modular design have wide adaptability.

4. Application field
Torque motor:
Torque motors are widely used in industrial fields such as textiles, wires and cables, metal processing, papermaking, rubber, plastics and printing machinery. They are particularly suitable for occasions that require low speed, high torque and precise control, such as fabric transmission in printing and dyeing machinery, winding of wires and cables, etc.
Gear reduction motor:
Gear reduction motors are widely used in automated mechanical equipment, such as packaging machinery, printing machinery, corrugated machinery, conveying machinery, food machinery, automatic warehousing, stereoscopic warehouses, etc. They are indispensable power transmission equipment in these equipment and can meet various complex transmission requirements.