In physical terms, a motor is something that converts energy into moving parts of a machine. These machines can be cars or printers. If the motor no longer rotates at the same moment, then the world will become unimaginable.
In modern society, electric motors are ubiquitous. For centuries, engineers have produced many different types of motors.
Many motors are actuators, which means that they produce movement through the application of torque. For a long time, the hydraulic driving force of hydraulic actuators was the standard at the time. However, in the 21st century, with the advancement of electric drives, coupled with the fact that electric power becomes very sufficient and easy to control, this type of motor is increasing. Of the two, is one better than the other? It depends on the situation.
Overview of Hydraulic System
If you have used a floor jack, or have driven a vehicle with power brakes or power steering, you may be surprised that you can move such a large number of objects without using a lot of effort. (On the other hand, you may have been consumed by the task of changing tires on the side of the road so much energy to consider these ideas.)
Through the use of hydraulic systems, these tasks and similar tasks become more possible. The hydraulic system does not create power, but on the contrary, it transforms it into the required form from an external source.
The study of hydraulics includes two main areas. Hydraulics uses the liquid to do work at high flow and low pressure. "Old-fashioned" mills use energy from water streams to grind grain. On the contrary, hydrostatics uses the high pressure and low fluidity of water to do work. In the language of physics, what is the basis of this trade-off?
Power, work and space
The physical basis for using hydraulic motors is the concept of force multiplication. The progress in a system is the product of the net force applied and the distance moved by the image Wnet = (Fnet)(d). This means that the amount of work assigned to physical tasks can be reduced by increasing the distance in the force application, just like the rotation of a screw.
This principle extends from a linear to a two-dimensional scene, from the relationship p = F/A, where p = pressure under N/m2, F = force in Newtons, and A = area in m2. In a hydraulic system where the pressure p remains constant, there are two piston cylinders with cross-sectional areas A1 and A2, which leads to this relationship. F1/A1 = F2/A2, or F1 = (A1/A2)F2.
This means that when the output piston A2 is greater than the input piston A1, the input force will be proportionally smaller than the output force.
Electric motors take advantage of the fact that magnetic fields exert pressure on moving charges or currents. A rotating coil of wire is placed between the poles of the electromagnet, so that the magnetic field generates a torque that causes the coil to rotate around its axis. This shaft can be used to handle many things, and, in short, the motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Hydraulic VS Motor: Advantages and Disadvantages
Why use a hydraulic motor, internal combustion engine or electric motor? The advantages and disadvantages of each type of motor are so many that they are worth considering in every unique scenario.
Advantages of hydraulic motors
The main advantage of hydraulic motors is that they can be used to generate great forces.
The hydraulic motor uses an incompressible liquid, which allows for tighter control of the motor, and therefore higher accuracy during movement. They are very useful among heavy mobile equipment.
Disadvantages of hydraulic motors
The hydraulic motor is also a costly option. All the oil is in use. For this very bad operation, various filters, pumps and oils need to be inspected, replaced, cleaned, and replaced. Leakage can cause safety and environmental hazards.
Advantages of motors
The opening of the hydraulic motor is not very fast, the motor is very fast (at most 10m/s). They have programmable speed and stop position, unlike hydraulic motors, which can provide high precision positioning required. Electronic sensors can provide precise feedback with the force applied during movement.
The disadvantages of motors
Compared with other motors, these motors are very complicated, difficult to install, and are extremely prone to failure compared to other motors. Most of them, their disadvantage is that you need more force, you need a larger and heavier motor, unlike a hydraulic motor.
Introduction to pneumatic drives
Problems with pneumatic, electronic, or hydraulic actuators are in certain scenarios. The difference between pneumatic and hydraulic actuators is that hydraulic motors use water flow while pneumatic actuators use gas, usually ordinary gas.
Where there is plenty of air, a pneumatic drive is very advantageous. Therefore, a gas compressor is the first thing to have. On the other hand, these motors are very inefficient because the heat loss is very large compared to other types of motors.
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